Background: Crescentia cujete L or better known as calabash is a plant that thrives
in Indonesia. Traditionally, this plant often used to treat various diseases one of
them for wounds, swelling, and fever. Calabash plant has a high potential as an
herbal medicine, but there are only some scientific research conducted on this plant,
including: antibacterial against Bacillus subtilis and Escerichia coli (Susanti, 2006),
potent antimicrobial against Staphylococcus aureus, Enterococcus faecalis,
Streptococcus pneumoniae, Escherichia coli and Candida albicans (Rojas, 2011)
Objective: The purpose of this research are determine whether there is external
bleeding cessation and anti-inflammatory activities of ethanol extract of calabsh
leaf.
Methods: The method in this research were an experimental methods with 2 kinds
of assays. Firstly, the external bleeding cessation activity test which are making
incision in the base of the tail and counted the bleeding time from each dose
variation (40%, 60%, and 80%) of calabash leaf ethanol extract. Second, the
antiinflamatory activity with edema inducer 4% formalin. After that, measured the
thickness of leg edema followed by calculation of % inflammatory inhibition and
%AUC in each dose variation (1680 mg/kgBB, 3360mg/kgBB, dan 6720
mg/kgBB) group of antiinflammatory test.
Results: All treatment groups at external bleeding cessation activity assay has
more significant result compared to negative control (p<0,05). Yet, only the group
with 60% levels of calabash leaf extract which have ability were not significantly
different from the positive control (p=0.744). Anti-inflammatory activity research
of this extracts gave the result in the mice feet edema thickness was not significant
different from doses variation tested to the positive control (p>0,05). However, the
thickness of that edema at the dose variation when compared with the negative
controls gave a better results and more significant (p<0.05). The Calculation of %
AUC in the each testing group was 41.747%, 45.129%, 45.453%, and 53.589%
respectively on the positive control group, the doses group of calabash extract 1680
mg/kgBB, 3360 mg/kgBB, and 6720 mg/kgBB.
Conclusion: Ethanol extract of the calabash leaves have an external bleeding
cessation activity and anti-inflammatory against DDY strains mice.
Key Word: Crescentia cujete. L, ethanol extract, external bleeding