Background : Preeclampsia is one of the problem that arise in pregnant women.
Around 70% pregnant women who were diagnosed with hypertension during
pregnancy will suffer gestational hypertension – preeclampsia. Preeclampsia can
cause stillbirth in infants and it is still being debated about the main cause. Fetal
safety issues make preeclampsia treatment options became limited. Until now,
there are three antihypertensive drugs that widely used for preeclampsia treatment,
there are nifedipine, methyldopa and labetalol.
Objective : This study aims to determine the oral antihypertensive drugs that used
in pregnant women with preeclampsia in Prof. Dr. Margono Soekarjo Local
Public Hospital of Purwokerto and compare its effectiveness if there are two oral
antihypertensive drugs used.
Methods : The method of this research is descriptive observational analytic study
with cross sectional design and prospective approach and data collection
prospectively.
Result : From 27 respondents that were obtained, 20 (74,07%) of respondents
pregnancy is multigravida and 7 (25,93%) respondents are primigravida. There
are 9 (45%) of multigravida respondents who have a high blood pressure history
in early pregnancy. Therapy that are used is single and combination. Combination
therapy (nifedipine 3x10mg + methyldopa 3x250-500mg) is more widely used in
19 (70.37%) of respondents, while a single therapy (nifedipine 3x10mg) less used
only in 8 (29.63%) respondents. The increase in blood pressure during treatment
occurred in 1 (3.7%) of respondents who received single therapy and 6 (22.22%)
of respondents who received combination therapy (pvalue = 0.633). A total of 3
(11.11%) respondents that were given combination therapy, and 1 (3.7%) of the
respondents that were given a single treatment complained of headaches before
and after therapy, it is indicating the possibility of side effects (pvalue = 1.000).
Conclusion : There is no significant difference between single therapy (nifedipin
3x10mg) and combination therapy (nifedipin 3x10mg + metildopa 3x250-500mg)
in lowering blood pressure and lead to the possibility of side effects.