ANALISIS PERBANDINGAN HISTOLOGI SABUT BUAH KELAPA (Cocos nucifera L.) ANTARA VARIETAS KOPYOR DENGAN NORMAL

MADINA, AFAF NURUL (2024) ANALISIS PERBANDINGAN HISTOLOGI SABUT BUAH KELAPA (Cocos nucifera L.) ANTARA VARIETAS KOPYOR DENGAN NORMAL. S1 thesis, Universitas Muhammadiyah Purwokerto.

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Abstract

The coconut fruit of the kopyor variety cannot be morphologically distinguished from a normal coconut. Typically, farmers differentiate between the two by the sound produced when tapping the upper part of the fruit near its stalk. This research aims to analyze the histological comparison of coconut husk between kopyor and normal varieties to explain the differences in the tapping sound. Both kopyor and normal coconuts used in this study are from the same variety, Red Dwarf Kopyor Coconut, and were at the ages of 4, 7, and 10 months after the flowering stage. Fresh preparations of the coconut husk from both kopyor and normal coconuts were cross-sectioned using a razor blade, then stained with 0.1% fast green for 2 minutes followed by 0.5% safranin for 1 minute. The preparations were observed under an Olympus BX51 microscope at 40X magnification, and images were captured using an Olympus DP74 camera. The obtained images were then analyzed using ImageJ software to calculate the number of fibrovascular (FV) tissues, the size of FV tissues, and the total area of FV tissues. Data analysis was performed using a 95% confidence level ANOVA followed by the Duncan Multiple Range Test (DMRT). The research results indicate that kopyor coconuts have smaller sizes and weights compared to normal coconuts. Histologically, the coconut husk is composed of epidermis, hypodermis, collenchyma, fibrovascular tissue, and parenchyma. The fibrovascular tissue predominantly consists of sclerenchyma tissue, distinguishable between a dorsal cap and a ventral cap. The parenchyma of kopyor coconut husk starts to curve at 7 months, whereas in normal coconuts, this occurs at 10 months. The percentage comparison between parenchymal tissue and the total area of fibrovascular tissue is relatively similar, ranging from 86 to 90%. Kopyor coconut husk has more fibrovascular tissue with smaller sizes (0.08 mm2 /124 mm2) compared to normal coconut husk (0.10 mm2 /124 mm2). This is believed to be the cause of the softer structure of kopyor coconut husk, resulting in a heavier sound when tapped compared to normal coconuts.

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