PENGARUH EKSTRAK DAUN GAMAL (Gliricidia sepium) TERHADAP MORTALITAS ULAT PENGGEREK TONGKOL JAGUNG (Helicoverpa armigera)

RAKHMAWATI, NINDI (2020) PENGARUH EKSTRAK DAUN GAMAL (Gliricidia sepium) TERHADAP MORTALITAS ULAT PENGGEREK TONGKOL JAGUNG (Helicoverpa armigera). Bachelor thesis, UNIVERSITAS MUHAMMADIYAH PURWOKERTO.

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Abstract

Corn productivity in Indonesia from 2013 to 2015 averaged 4.9 tons/ha. However, this productivity was still far from the potential that could reach 10-13 tons/ha. One of the reasons for the low productivity of corn was the attack of corn cob borers (H. armigera). During this time, farmers in general still used synthetic pesticide because it was more effective and faster. Nevertheless, in the long-term, it could have a negative impact, so it was necessary to use alternatives to plant pesticides. One of the plants that had the potential to be plant-based pesticides was gamal plant (Gliricidia sepium). The study was aimed at finding out the effect of gamal leaves on the mortality of H. armigera. It was conducted in May October 2019 at Botany Laboratory and Pharmacy Laboratory. A completely randomized design (CRD) was used as the design of the experiment. The tested treatments were extract concentrations of 5%, 10%, 15% and 20%, as well as negative and positive controls, with 4 repetitions. The parameters observed were mortality of H. armigera at the time of observation such as 1, 3, 6, 12, 24, 48, and 72 hours. The data were analyzed using F test, followed by the test (DMRT). The results showed that gamal leaf extract had a significant effect on H. armigera mortality. All treatments of gamal leaf extract produced a fairly high mortality in the range of 65% - 68.75%, and there was no significant difference among the treatments. The mortality rate was also not significantly different from the positive control treatment which resulted in a mortality of 83.75%. Thus, 5% concentration of gamal leaf extract can be said to have equalled the effectiveness of the Prevathon pesticide. Therefore, gamal leaf extract (5% concentration) has the potential to be a plant pesticide to control H. armigera pests.

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