INDUKSI KALUS KELAPA (Cocos nucifera L) MENGGUNAKAN EKSPLAN PLUMULAE DAN INFLORESCENCE

MULYANINGSIH, RETNO (2021) INDUKSI KALUS KELAPA (Cocos nucifera L) MENGGUNAKAN EKSPLAN PLUMULAE DAN INFLORESCENCE. Bachelor thesis, UNIVERSITAS MUHAMMADIYAH PURWOKERTO.

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Abstract

The majority of coconut trees in Indonesia are old so it needs to be rejuvenated immediately. The main obstacle faced in coconut rejuvenation is the limited availability of superior coconut seeds in bulk. One way that can be used is through tissue culture techniques, especially through somatic embryogenesis. However, this method has not yet been developed properly, especially the success rate is still very low. One of the initial stages in the process of producing plant seeds through somatic embryogenesis techniques is the callus induction stage. This study aims to determine the effect of kinetin and 2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) on the success of callus induction of coconut Nias Yellow Dwarf (GKN) and coconut Banyumas Tall (DB).Two kinds of explants were also used in this study, namely plumulae and inflorescence.Eksplan implanted on HEC (Hybrid Embrio Culture) solid with the addition of 1 μM - 9 μM kinetin or HEC medium with the addition of 2,4-D 0.1 μM - 60 μM. Cultures were placed in a dark room with subcultures every 4 weeks, then observed once after 8 weeks of culture. The results showed that callus induction using plumulae explants could be carried out with a high success rate (72%) by adding 5 μM kinetin into the HEC medium, while inflorescence explants had a lower success rate (67%).Callus induction of DB coconut using plumulae explants or GKN coconut using inflorescence explants is better done using HEC medium added with kinetin than 2,4-D added. One of the obstacles in coconut callus induction is the appearance of tissue browning

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